Coconut oil is a versatile and popular oil that is extracted from the wick, meat, and milk of mature coconuts. It is semi-solid at room temperature and has a distinctive coconut aroma and flavor.
Coconut oil is derived either through a wet or dry process. The dry process is the most traditional method. In this method, the coconut meat is dried in the sun or a kiln until it becomes copra, which is a dry, hard substance. The copra is then pressed or dissolved with solvents to extract the oil. During the wet process, the coconut meat is grated and mixed with water to create coconut milk. The coconut milk is then strained to remove any solids, and the liquid is left to settle. The oil rises to the top and is skimmed off.
Coconut is widely used as a food oil and in industrial applications for cosmetics and detergent production.
In skincare, it is added to many skincare products due to its high levels of fatty acids, vitamins, and antioxidants that appear extremely beneficial for the skin. For example, coconut oil is a rich source of linoleic acid which is classified as an unsaturated omega-6 fatty acid and used as an emollient and skin soother.
Coconut oil works as a moisturizer by creating a protective barrier on the skin’s surface, preventing moisture loss, and improving skin hydration. Its rich content of medium-chain fatty acids helps to retain moisture content within the skin and keep it smooth. Moreover, extra virgin coconut oil can significantly reduce levels of transepidermal water loss (TEWL) and boost surface lipid levels.
Coconut oil also has anti-inflammatory and antibacterial properties that can help to soothe and reduce redness and irritation. It can inhibit inflammatory markers and protect the skin by improving the function of its barrier.
The antioxidants in coconut oil can help to prevent damage caused by free radicals, which can lead to premature aging.
While coconut oil is generally considered safe for most people, it is not suitable for individuals with congested and/or acne-prone skin. It can be comedogenic for these people, meaning it can clog pores and cause breakouts. It is advised to either completely avoid using skincare products with coconut oil, or apply them only on body parts that have fewer oil glands than the face. Individuals who are allergic to coconut oil should avoid products that contain this allergen because any contact with it can cause skin irritation, redness, and itching.
