Vitamin E, a crucial fat-soluble antioxidant, has been utilized in dermatology for over 50 years and is a key component in numerous cosmetic products. Often found in oil or cream forms in skincare, it plays a vital role in scavenging free radicals, thereby protecting the skin from oxidative damage. It is known for its exceptional moisturizing properties and ability to nourish the skin. Moreover, its photoprotective qualities are well recognized too.
The discovery of Vitamin E goes back to 1922, credited to Herbert M Evans and Katherine Bishop. By 1936, it was biochemically identified and named tocopherol, derived from the Greek words “tocos” (offspring) and “phero” (to bring forth).
Vitamin E, synthesized by plants, must be obtained through diet. Its richest sources include nuts, spinach, whole grains, olive oil, and sunflower oil. The synthetic version of vitamin E comprises eight different forms, but only one matches the natural molecule. Consequently, natural vitamin E is found to be at least twice as potent as its synthetic counterpart. In cosmetics, it is often used as tocopheryl acetate. Due to the high cost of natural D-alpha-tocopherol and the need for processing to eliminate pesticides, the synthetic form is predominantly used in cosmetics, particularly in high-potency products. Synthetic vitamin E does not face the same drawbacks regarding pesticide removal.
In skincare, vitamin E plays a pivotal role in maintaining the freshness of lipids, thus preserving the integrity of the skin’s protective barrier. This helps to prevent moisture loss, resulting in a feeling of tightness and dryness. Additionally, it ensures long-lasting moisture retention within skin cells, far exceeding the hydration offered by products lacking vitamin E.
One of the key benefits of vitamin E is its ability to significantly expedite the healing process of skin damage, such as burns and wounds, potentially reducing recovery time by half. As an antioxidant, it aids in healing from sunburn, irritation, and injury, while also enhancing skin moisture levels, contributing to its anti-aging properties.
Moreover, vitamin E’s antioxidant qualities extend to neutralizing harmful free radicals and preventing sebum oxidation, which can lead to blackheads. Its ability to slow down the oxidation process that darkens the blocked oil in pores is notable.
Vitamin E also conditions skin exposed to environmental factors, smoothing and comforting skin irritated by pollution and sun damage. Its photoprotective properties are another notable feature.
When used in conjunction with vitamin C and underneath sunscreen, vitamin E can amplify the protective effect by four times. However, it is important to note that vitamin E is comedogenic and may clog pores, potentially causing breakouts in acne-prone individuals.
Applying vitamin E in its pure form directly to the skin, particularly in sensitive areas like around the eyes, may lead to dermatitis-type reactions. Although vitamin E is abundant in many foods, and its need may increase with age, most people do not require dietary supplements. Topical application in skincare products is a safer alternative, allowing for targeted treatment. Some individuals opt for direct skin application using vitamin E from supplement capsules, but this method may cause sensitivity and irritation. Those considering oral supplements should consult a physician first, as vitamin E can interact with certain medications.
